Understanding breast reconstruction
Options and timing after mastectomy or lumpectomy
The short version
Breast reconstruction rebuilds breast shape after surgery, using implants, your own tissue (flap surgery), or a combination. It can be done at the same time as your cancer surgery or delayed to a later date — both are valid choices.
Reconstruction aims to rebuild breast shape after a mastectomy or, sometimes, a larger lumpectomy. There are two broad approaches, which can sometimes be combined.
- Implant-based reconstruction — using a saline or silicone implant, sometimes in stages with a tissue expander first
- Flap (autologous) reconstruction — using your own tissue, often from the abdomen, back, or thigh
Immediate vs. delayed
Reconstruction can start during the same surgery as your mastectomy (immediate) or be planned for months or years later (delayed) — including after radiation is complete, if radiation is part of your plan. Neither timing is inherently better; it depends on your treatment plan and preferences.
Questions you may want to ask
Which reconstruction options are appropriate for my situation?
How does radiation, if I need it, affect reconstruction timing?
How many procedures are typically involved from start to finish?