DCIS and IDC: what the terms mean

Understanding in-situ and invasive breast cancer

Sources checked: September 2026

The short version

DCIS (ductal carcinoma in situ) means abnormal cells are contained within a milk duct. IDC (invasive ductal carcinoma) means the cells have grown beyond the duct into nearby breast tissue.

In situ vs. invasive

stands for ductal carcinoma in situ — "in situ" means the abnormal cells are still contained inside a milk duct and haven't spread into surrounding breast tissue. It's sometimes called a non-invasive or pre-invasive condition.

stands for invasive ductal carcinoma, meaning the cells have grown through the duct wall into nearby tissue. It's the most common type of breast cancer. , invasive lobular carcinoma, is a less common type that starts in the milk-producing lobules rather than the ducts.

A DCIS diagnosis is often considered highly treatable, and treatment approaches for DCIS can look different from those for invasive cancer — it's worth asking your care team specifically how your diagnosis is being categorized.

Questions you may want to ask

  • Is my diagnosis in situ, invasive, or both?

  • How does that affect the treatment you're recommending?

Sources